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Rasna Warah (1962-11 January 2025), editor, columnist, and author, was a prolific contributor to Debunk from 2022 to 2024. In respect, admiration and camaraderie, Debunk presents an archive of her pieces for the Public Square section.
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Are Political Rallies The Only Way?
“It is important to expose yourself to ideas you don’t

Azimio Protests And The Concept Of Stochastic Terrorism
Watching the mother-of-all-protests and Raila Odinga’s cavalcade traverse Nairobi the other day, I learned a new phrase. Stochastic terrorism is observed where a charismatic leader uses mass media as a platform to incite violence, while simultaneously disclaiming responsibility for the violence. Carefully choosing his words he (the leader) – for it is invariably a ‘he’ – identifies a population that he can manipulate, groom if you like, over time, and prime them with a steady stream of conspiracy theory, slogans and identifier labels. The labels concretise groupthink. Them against us. Us against them. Us against him. You get my drift.

An Election Results Dossier And Old Political Stories
Either politics is Kenya’s chakula cha moyo (soul food) or

‘We’re not Freaks’: Tales of a Kenyan Geek
For the uninitiated, comic conventions are gatherings for geeks who are enthralled with fictional worlds whether it be from books, animations, TV shows, movies or comics. And there are two such conventions in Kenya – Nairobi Comic Convention and Movie Jabber Expo. Conveniently this year, they were two weeks apart. So I decided to go all in and install the peculiar colour.

Christmas Rest Amidst Election Inquiries
And so, it is set to end. Finally the holidays are here, schools out and Kenyans are headed for a much needed break.

Kuna Nuru Gizani? Shakahola and Other Short Stories
It is a Sunday afternoon and the sun is playing

How Political Comedy Derailed The GMO Debate
An interesting thing happened in February. An organisation called the

Kenya At 60, A Reflection
The year 2023 is monumental for the Pan-African movement and

War Is Failure Of Football
Football or soccer is a strange sport. Put two teams

Sampa the Great: The Reason I’ll Watch Wakanda Forever
If you haven’t listened to Sampa the Great’s music, you should. This 29-year-old Zambian singer, rapper and song-writer could be the time-traveler musician of our time. Her hit, Never Forget, featuring Chef 187, Tio Nason and Manjé, reverberates its powerful influences from Zamrock – Zambia’s famous afro-psychedelic rock genre. The Black Panther producers couldn’t ignore it. It was the only track that could carry the highly anticipated Wakanda Forever trailer, now with 34 million views on YouTube and raving reviews.

No More Police Reforms?
Within weeks of President William Ruto taking office, there were

Electrocuted Into Extinction: A Fast Growing Threat To Birds Of Prey In Kenya
Raptors, the generic name for birds of prey, are hyper-carnivorous

Mischief And Intrigue Behind IEBC Selection Panel
“I consider it completely unimportant who in the party will

Journalism Is Changing, But Stories Are Forever
Over the weekend, I watched The Voice of Hind Rajab, a Palestinian film about five year old Hind, who spent hours on the phone with emergency workers begging them to come rescue her after the car she and her family were traveling in was attacked by the Israeli army. Hind was the sole survivor. Stuck in the car with the bodies of her family members, she stays on the phone with workers from the Palestinian Red Crescent Society begging for help as they try to get permission from Israeli authorities to secure a safe route for ambulance operators to reach her.

When State House Feeds Journalists
President William Ruto gave his first full media interview as

Every Move Into A New House Is A Reinvention
I’ve been renting in Nairobi for nine years now, and

Time’s Ripe For An All Inclusive Constitutional Review
A few months from now more than 1.5 million wildebeest will cross the crocodile-infested Mara River into Kenya from Tanzania, in what is recognized as one of the “Seven Wonders of the Natural World.” Many thousands of them will be eaten by the crocodiles and the scavengers who lie in wait.

I Knew Julian Assange. It’s Time To End His Persecution
15 years ago, in January 2007, Nairobi hosted the World

We Can All Secure Bigger Bags
I remember the first time I candidly told a friend

Kenya, Why We Cannot Afford To Stop
In the Bible, Abraham is referred to as the father

I Was Enjoying My Time In Victoria Sands Until…
I just spent an idyllic three days in Homa Bay

Death, Taxes and Dynastic Vendetta Politics
Did you know that Kenya’s Parliament exempted our first two

Go well, Rasna Warah
No account in regards to Kenyan letters and writing can

I can only say thank you to her
All you really want, when you get into the messy,

Go On, Risk It All And Ask Someone Out Properly
I had a conversation with a friend recently. He wanted

What’s In For 2023
Stop being rude. Stop asking people invasive questions and giving

Ordinary People, Living Ordinary Lives, Embracing Extraordinary Courage
Last week I had breakfast with a colleague. As we exchanged pleasantries waiting for our meal, she mentioned in passing that she’d be attending a public participation meeting that could clash with our next planned meeting. It turns out that she is an active participant in her neighbourhood’s local resident association, and she has been joining forces with others to oppose the runaway illegal construction projects mushrooming in the area.

Paul Biya’s Fart-Fest, Jacinda Ardern’s Resignation, And Knowing When To Go
A recent video clip that went viral was at best

The Case Against Private Conservancies, and Dissolution of Parliament
The totem of private property was raised early after independence. Vast farms and ranches were transferred to our new elite, together with the large populations of wildlife upon them. Near where I live there are still a few multi-thousand-acre private wildlife sanctuary ranches. But development is winnowing the animal numbers at an alarming rate. One used to encounter zebra on my road every day. That’s a rumour today.

Should Retired Presidents Be Barred From Politics?
“I need to retire from retirement.” Sandra Day O’Connor A

FACT CHECK: Police Beating Video Misleading
Seven months after the 2022 general election, Kenyans are swimming

Nairobi: Shiny But Impractical
I have lived in and travelled to various cities around

You’ve Seen The Two SGR Contracts. Now What?
Kenya’s Transport Minister Kipchumba Murkomen posted two 2014 loan contracts between Kenya
They Won’t Switch Off The Internet. Because They’re Spying On You
The President of the Kenya Editors’ Guild recently called a press conference to allege that they had received reports of an imminent phone and internet shutdown. Despite providing no evidence or substantiating detail, the allegation was hours later addressed by the President of Kenya, who assured us all that there is no possibility of such a shutdown in this day and age. Breathing a sigh of relief, Kenyans got on with their usual browsing, gambling, gossip and political commentary.

She never left room for ambiguity in her words
In 2017, during my second year studying International Relations at

On Issack Hassan’s ‘Referee Of A Dirty Ugly Game’
The book highlights the high-level political negotiations that are undertaken just to decide on who becomes a member of the commission and the top officials of the secretariat. These negotiations take on regional, political, ethnic, and even fraternity associations aspects. One must get the blessings of these associations to even make a cut for consideration. It involves shuttling from one office to another, meeting top political leaders, key door-openers (including brutes) and opinion leaders.

TVET Institutions Must Teach Business
Soon after ringing in the new year, Kenya’s education ministry

The BBC’s ‘Sex for Work’: The Story Behind The Story
This was not the story BBC Africa Eye had set

Under Collapsed Buildings, Real People
As often happens, the collapse of a building in Kasarani

Her work says we are possible, we are worthy
Rasna Warah was a bold African writer. I purposefully don’t

Of Nigerian Ogas And The Ogre That Is African Elections
Fela Anikulapo Kuti, one of the most talented and famous

Burying The Corpse That Is Kenya’s Death Penalty
“The state is not God. It has no right to

The Day The Supreme Court Played Marriage Counsellor
“The great marriages are partnerships. It can’t be a great

Loving Nairobi, Missing London, But Still Loving Nairobi
I was born in one country, spent my early childhood

Rasna Warah, we speak your name
Rasna Warah’s voice was always lucid, never quivering, her resolve

Nairobi One Huge Slum? Blame City Hall!
This is the same Nairobi in which public green spaces are grabbed, buildings collapse, residents can’t sleep on a weeknight because bars won’t let them and drainage can’t stand the rainy season. The story revolves around a property on Kilimani’s Kindaruma Road whose construction in April 2022 was not as far advanced as it is today.

The Impending Political Deal, a Struggling Economy and a Disaffected Populace
So, assuming that Azimio la Umoja One Kenya can sustain either the Bomas of Kenya Talks or yet another wave of protests, what is the end game really? Kenya’s history shows that the prize is likely to be an elite compromise by which a power sharing arrangement of some form or shape may be struck. William Ruto has said he will never do it, and Raila Odinga has said he doesn’t want it, but this is what is going to happen. There is no other way for the two protagonists to walk away satisfied. The status quo ante bellum is such that their hands are tied; they are in the same boat.

For Financial Sanity, Kenya Should Embrace The R-Word
When times are tough, governments declare they will slash spending and Kenyan ones are no different. Kenyans will remember when Uhuru Kenyatta, as Deputy Prime Minister and Minister of Finance…

Let’s Throw Less Wet Blankets Over
Kenyans are a skeptical lot (who can blame them, seeing

“Failed Brakes”, Kenya’s Deadliest Excuse
Kenya’s enforcement of traffic laws tends to be immobile and document-based, particularly around heavy commercial vehicles. The police who enforce traffic rules are stationary, mostly on the side of the road and drivers who pass through these checkpoints can always warn their oncoming colleagues. On the other hand, roaming police cars with cameras that scan number plates and onboard computers connected to insurance and police records would pinpoint offenders in real time and help police stop the right vehicles more often. Such police cars are commonly used in many countries.

Chapter Six Is Under Attack. Does Anyone Care?
In 2016, a near-brawl broke-out in the Kenyan Senate. The respective combatants were Evans Kidero, the then Governor of Nairobi County, and Mike Mbuvi Sonko, his Senator. It is not clear who won the actual fight, but we now know that Nairobians lost because the Auditor General just told us so. You see, during the consecutive gubernatorial administrations of Evans Kidero and Mike Sonko, no-one could explain the whereabouts of KSh 18 billion of collected revenue. For those who think in hard currencies, that is a respectable $12.6 million missing. But Nairobi residents didn’t know this until seven years later when the press finally reported that according to the Auditor General, “billions of shillings collected in Kenya’s capital may have ended in private hands.”

What Have Dreadlocks Got To Do With It?
“Imagine a lawyer or doctor with dreadlocks.” – Peter Kaluma, MP

My Many Phone Calls With Rasna Warah
An unlikely sisterhood forms through hours-long phone calls.

We Are Debating Everything, Including County Boundaries!
Since the commencement of the 13th Kenyan Parliament, it has been raining constitutional amendment bills. The hangover from the Building Bridges Initiative (BBI) constitutional review (mis)adventure seems not to have dissipated. Parliamentarians, both rookies (trying to make their dramatic legislative debuts) and seasoned (trying to flex to rookies) have swiftly suggested amendments. Not in censure – because this is part of their mandate – the suggestions, whether valid or not, seem not well thought out.


A Case for the Pursuit of Peace in the DRCongo
The people of the Democratic Republic of Congo (DRC) surely

Multi-Level Marketing Cults Need To Be Called Out Too
Other than the preying strategy pyramid schemes use to recruit people, the reason I see them as cults too is their ability to similarly brainwash their members into believing whatever hogwash they’re spreading. For example, for those selling supplements or other health-based products, it may go haywire fast. They’ll start you out schilling Vitamin D tablets and then in the blink of an eye, they’ll have you convincing your Facebook connects about ‘force fields’ and ‘protection zones’ that can be afforded by adorning a necklace with a pendant stuffed with a powder only they know the ingredients of.

So Long, Lorna
Lorna raised a generation of us in the school that was her life, showing us time and again that we are more than our physical condition.
Pain At Home And Away: The Plight of Kenyan Domestic Workers
In November 2022, Akinyi, a domestic worker from Kariobangi, was

Why Do We Vote?
When the Greeks settled on a popular model of choosing their leaders, they believed that the demos would through the Kratia produce acceptable leaders who would exercise their powers responsibly for the benefit and progress of their nation-states.

The One Thing You Should Read About Grace Onyango (1924-2023)
Had Grace Monica Akech Onyango never joined politics, her contribution to society would already have been immense.

Freedom For All, Including The LGBTQ+
It is with some trepidation that I share my views

Governors, Beware! Of Upright and Conniving MCAs
“Authority assigned to a State officer is a public trust…”

Parliament Should Publish All Its Voting Records
Parliament, in particular, continues to hold back information from the public regarding its operations. Recently in the Senate, the Azimio La Umoja One Kenya coalition accused their Kenya Kwanza counterparts of being against devolution. Instead of KSh 407 billion as the Senate’s standing committee of budget and finance had recommended, the house approved KSh 385 billion in equitable share to the counties. Senators from Azimio staged a walkout to show their displeasure, but what they did next revealed how transparency in law-making is manipulated for political ends.

Cecilia Makiwane: In Memory of Africa’s First Nurse
Cecilia’s title as a nurse paved the way for many other African women who followed suit.

Sticky Presidential Pardons, and A Call for the Pardoning of Dedan Kimathi and Others
Just over a month ago, it came to light that President William Ruto has, on the advice of the Advisory Committee on the Power of Mercy, freed 5,058 petty convicts, commuted sentences for death row prisoners to life imprisonment, and pardoned 37 convicts including Dr. Davy Koech, once famous for his attempt in the 1980s to find an AIDS cure, but recently notorious for mismanagement of the Kenya Medical Research Institute (KeMRI). For obvious reasons, the July 2023 Presidential Pardon List has been added to the ever increasing number of complaints about President Ruto’s use of executive power, daily compiled by his opponents, as if he had usurped the prerogative of mercy for himself.

Emerging Citizen Agency? The Great Finance Bill Debate
I do not seek to get into the pros and cons of the recently enacted Finance Act by the Kenya Kwanza government, even though it elicits a remark or more. Rather, it is the emotion that the bill – and later on the Act – has aroused across the country that most pricks my curiosity. In my view, there have been fewer times when national discourse has been characterized by great animation like has been the case as regards this piece of legislation (first proposed, then passed, and now challenged in court).

How Uhuru Kenyatta’s Jubilee Almost Vanquished Cattle Rustling
Today’s Jubilee Party is a far cry from its earlier

A Case Against Tampering With Presidential Term Limits
The Constitution of Kenya 2010 provides any Kenyan with the


Nelson Mandela: The Myth, The Man, The Legend
This month marks 33 years since Nelson Mandela walked out

For Rasna, From the Comrades
When Debunk Media launched its op-ed section, Public Square, in October 2022, Rasna Warah was the first columnist to officially join the team. Alongside the op-eds, Rasna, now battling cancer, did more writing, but in the form of Q&As. This is how Rasna did another first for Debunk, by pioneering Debunk Speaks To, Debunk’s Q&A beat. These reflections from Rasna’s comrades in arms, those with whom she wrote and thought alongside during her stint with Debunk.

My Mother Wants Me To Get Married. It’s Sweet.
I wasn’t always good at it, but now I’m good

CBC, The Second Coming Of 844 And Other Short Stories
Why does it seem like we have been here before?

Let’s Embrace Maps More. Better Maps
Maps have long been a staple of election reporting. The US Presidential election, for instance, is one of the most mapped anywhere. Be it the presidential election or the midterms, maps help voters everywhere to digest and understand results. Typically, results are reported from precinct to county, to state, and then nationally. Use of more granular maps produces data that better visualises local politics.

On Peter Anyang’ Nyong’o’s Invocation Of Vladimir I. Lenin
In the freak-out following a State House visit by a bunch of ODM MPs the other day, Kisumu County Governor Prof. Peter Anyang Nyong’o implored the ODM leadership on Twitter to remember Vladimir Ilyich Lenin’s rule; “In a revolutionary situation: Better fewer but better.”

You Can Meet But Not Touch! On The LGBTQ+ Community’s Freedom Of Association
Expectedly, a huge debate emerged from one of the latest

National Government Should Support Nairobi, Not Dominate
Recently, the two gentlemen at the top of Kenya’s executive

On Rebel MPs: Raila Odinga Is Right, And Wrong
One of the ten demands made by the Azimio la Umoja One Kenya coalition leader Raila Odinga when he appointed a team to talk to President William Ruto’s Kenya Kwanza seeks to enforce a Turn-Coat Rule requiring rebel Members of Parliament who cross party lines after election to resign, and to allow parties to replace nominated MPs. We are lucky as a country that MPs cannot be removed from Parliament in Kenya willy-nilly.

Nairobi Should Revisit #WhatIsARoad
Will the day come when Kenya’s urbanites use maps to

I’ll never forget her empathy
I didn’t know Rasna Warah personally, but our sole interaction

First Ladies and First Gentlemen: Constitutional Intruders or Builders?
“There is no handbook for incoming first ladies… It’s not

Then They Came for Dr. Margaret Nyakang’o…
Is Dr. Nyakang’o the latest victim of political justice?

Cadey Versus Madowe: Colourism In The Somali Community
As we engaged in unnecessary platitudes, it hit me; were

Azimio’s Post-Election Slander Could End Badly
The limits of free speech and political propaganda have just been made clearer in the United States where Dominion, a vote machine manufacturer has just settled a defamation suit against Fox News for over 106 billion Kenya shillings. Since former American President Donald Trump’s electoral defeat in 2020 Fox News had become a redoubt from where his baseless and fraudulent claims were trumpeted. Signaling how weak its case, and Trump’s claims were, the staggering figure Fox News has agreed to pay is actually half of the damages claimed by Dominion. The case was settled on the first day of trial.

The Thing About Kids
I don’t have children but I spend a lot of time around them because most of my friends are parents. I find that if you want to continue a friendship with people with children, then you have to learn how to enjoy the company of children because more often than not, children will be the loud, chaotic, messy third wheels to your hangouts. That’s how friendships work. The best ones change and evolve and adapt to circumstances. They demand generosity and grace, which they give back in equal measure. And they allow you to experience things that you would never otherwise experience, like being tasked with entertaining two little girls on a Saturday morning.

Mama Ngina Kenyatta Has Spoken. Now What?
There are national subjects that require assemblage of evidence and

The Perils of Today’s Consumer (With Lesser Rights?)
One change that still seems far from Kenya is the cashier-less supermarket, where money leaves your account as you walk out of the store. Of course, cashier-less services such as Amazon Go are only ever possible because of all the personal data that is continuously collected. Security of the data and privacy are obviously concerning, but its seamlessness makes it very alluring.

Finding and Losing Rasna Warah
Rasna Warah and her writing impacted generations. This is what she meant to Debunk.


What Are Our Leaders Reading?
What are our leaders reading? Some may read nothing at all, if you see the bare desks and shelves in the offices some parade on Twitter and Instagram.
Many, though, read the softer stuff of motivational literature. I

The great digital detox? You don’t need it.
I am growing a bunch of vegetables on my balcony. They share a big horizontal ceramic planter; onions and tomatoes and spinach and cabbage and lettuce growing side by side with varying degrees of success. Co-planting, they call it, and it’s supposed to be good for soil health and pest control. Four weeks in, the onions have aphids, the spinach and cabbage appear stunted and the tomatoes wilt every noon under the merciless glare of the Nairobi sun.

The Beauties and Oddities of the Kenyan Accent
In 2019, I visited a friend who was studying at

For Those of Us with Christmas Blues
The “So what are you doing for Christmas?” messages have started streaming in and my body is slowly clenching day by day.

Ahmed Rashid, Mathare’s Merchant Of Death?
Over the last six years, data collected by the Mathare

Her legacy emerges through these complexities
Rasna Warah’s contributions to journalism and social discourse cannot be

Allow Yourself To Be Bad At Things
I was only two days in, too early in the game for me to land a jab with any precision, let alone successfully block any attacks. Giving up this early would mean I didn’t really have to suffer the indignity of failure because I wouldn’t have given boxing any real chance. I could then tick it off my list as one more thing that’s “just not for me”. Like swimming. Or learning French. Or what sometimes I want to do with writing.

Show Me Your Friends
Remember those multiple choice questions in school? Here is one

Detention of Patients Pending Payment of Bills is Unconstitutional
In passing the Constitution of Kenya 2010, Kenyans dreamt of a document that would correct the injustices of the past and build a new Republic which puts the vulnerable and downtrodden (Hohehahe) at the center of statehood and not the periphery.

I Drank Tea In Japan And Felt Zen
One must-do if you ever travel to Japan is signing

Pen on in eternal power!
Although I never got to meet Rasna Warah in person,

Raila Odinga’s Mass Miscalculation?
Our history shows that mass action works where there is a generalised belief that the target is engaging in manifest political and economic exclusion of the masses per se. This is extensively analysed in Musambayi Katumanga’s paper on the foremost mass action movement of the 1990s the National Convention Executive Council. In summary, we as a people employed mass action against a colonial master, pre-independence. Post-independence we engaged in mass action to end the imperial presidency and single party domination, and later to amend the Constitution to its present form. In all these cases exclusion was a factor. Not so today.
Kenya’s Wildlife: Long Lenses For Some, Mortal Danger To Others
Ever since Kenya was a republic, dominion, colony, or left

If You Don’t Make Clothes For Us, Gikomba Will, By Way Of IG.
Instagram boutiques have me in a chokehold. I can’t help

Why I Believe ‘The IEBC Whistleblower’ Is Fake News
Kileleshwa MCA Robert Alai and a few social media influencers

The Miseducation of the Kenyan Voter
About a month ago, the Independent Electoral and Boundaries Commission chairperson Erastus Edung Ethekon, while sharing an update on the ongoing voter registration process, also stated that the commission’s enhanced voter registration was not only meant for first time voters – those who have never registered to vote before, but that the exercise was also an opportunity for pre-2012 voters who had never submitted their biometrics to the Commission to re-register.

Will Kenya Ever Be Good Enough for Kenyans?
As a Kenyan living in Kenya, the last few months have been difficult to say the least. Like many others, I have watched the prices of basic goods and services quickly skyrocket.. It’s become a running joke, but the truth is that KSh 1,000 doesn’t get you much nowadays. To make life bearable under these increasingly strenuous circumstances, I’ve had to cut down my monthly spending on non essentials and started considering price over brand preferences.

Rasna Warah never seemed afraid
My father loved to retweet Rasna Warah. I think in

Has The President Jumped The Gun On Shakahola?
From the foregoing, it is clear that the investigation into what exactly Mackenzie was up to and what crimes were committed at Shakahola is, at best, at its halfway point. This is further emphasised by the fact that investigators have begun a second phase of exhumations from Shakahola, raising the death toll and further horrifying an already shocked nation.

My Mother Told Me: Why Everyday Is Mother’s Day
Girls and their mothers are supposed to have a special bond and though ours is not perfect, I can say I’m definitely one of the lucky ones. More than anyone else in this world my mother has definitely been integral in the formation of my identity. She gave me my name and my frame and I can’t wait to see how our journey together evolves from here.

The Good, The Daunting and The Unsaid in Presidents’ Pressman
Lee Njiru has written a memoir sprinkled with humour, full

A Three-Step Guide On How To Create A Political Sideshow
A former British politician once told me “Decoys and distractions

Maandamano As Political Mandamus (Misusing On The State Of The People And Their State)
“The revolution Will not be Televised” – Gill Scott Heron

A Case For A Judicial Commission of Inquiry Into 15 August 2022
Clearly, there is an appetite for accountability for the riotous